Racks Are For Parking

In August I already posted something about this, but I was merely touching on the subject, really.
It’s all true, there are more bikes than people in Amsterdam. The same goes for the whole country. When so many people use their bikes on a daily basis, there’s a great need for facilities. One of which [...]

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Just an Amsterdam native who won't take his city and its cycling extravaganza for granted anymore, thinking these posts might be clues to others, inspiration perhaps, if you will...

In August I already posted something about this, but I was merely touching on the subject, really.

It’s all true, there are more bikes than people in Amsterdam. The same goes for the whole country. When so many people use their bikes on a daily basis, there’s a great need for facilities. One of which is parking.

The eye catchers are the big ass bicycle parking garages near major transportation hubs, such as Central Station, hosting thousands and thousands of people’s two-wheeled confidents. Less appealing to visitors, perhaps, but equally important are the regular street racks. There are many of those, but never enough.

Over the years these racks have evolved, new types were introduced, but some have found their place in bike parking history over the last decades. They’ve proven their worth: efficient, practical, economical, sturdy, stable, etc.

Recently, Mikael over at Copenhagenize was pleased to see (paraphrasing) ‘a Danish design win in the NYC bicycle rack competition’. The ‘Hoop’ is a nice design, I have to say, but…(yes, there’s a but), they didn’t nail the setup of this rack when they anticipated multiplying their purpose. You know, more people on bikes, more parking, more bikes in a small space, so need for more racks. See the pic on the right. (PS, Maarten De Greeve from Bettlelab is either Dutch or Belgium, so I give the Danes half the props ;-p)

Anyway, on with the show. As I promised Andy from Carbon Trace, I pointed my camera more closely at bicycle racks in Amsterdam. You’ll have to forgive me, but I don’t know any of their names, but realize there’s a need for reference. I opted for the easiest one.

Type 1: no thrills, easy execution, space efficient.

Type 2: one of the most common racks across the country, after decades still in use, very space-efficient.

Type 3: the ‘luxury’ edition of Type 2.

Here’s the whole set, more pictures of the 3 types and a few others:

Like I said, there are never enough racks. Thus, people attach their heavy duty bike locks to bridges, poles, anything solid that will make any thug think twice about stealing it. Luckily, most of the Amsterdam city scenery isn't spoiled by that phenomenon. I still have to meet the first person who thinks otherwise.

With limited space available, city planners constantly have to come up with new solutions, better infrastructure, more efficient ways of hosting all modes of traffic. The carrot-and-stick policies that have been part of transportation and planning policies for the last 30, 40 years (which has broad public support) are basically the framework for that to happen...in case of the need for more bicycle parking:

  • car parking spots are given up for bicycle parking
  • restructuring of streets, more room for pedestrians, public transport and bikes
  • neighborhood playgrounds get extended/restructured, so does bicycle parking
  • etc

So there you have it. My humble contribution to this particular topic. The racks themselves are not the main issue, they just need to facilitate the bigger picture. And that whole thing needs common sense.

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29 Comments

  1. acline added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Excellent! I’ll link to this tomorrow. Thanks for those great pix.

  2. Dave added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Here in Portland we just took 8 car parking spots downtown and turned them into bike parking. This was a politically risky move and sparked a lot of controversy. That was 8 spots out of over 1000 in the downtown area.

    http://bikeportland.org/2008/09/18/and-then-there-were-four-pdot-installs-bike-corrals-downtown/

    The types of racks in those photos are almost universal in Portland, I’d say 90% of racks I see are basically the same as those.

    Some of them are just smaller U-shaped racks like this:

    http://flickr.com/photos/poetas/2942108832/

    And we have some like your number 2 example.

    The funny thing in Portland is that shop owners, neighborhood residents, etc are all pushing for more and more bike parking on the streets rather than car parking. It’s largely the suburban population who seem to find issue with this. People seem to think that driving a car and being able to go anywhere you want with it whenever you want is the epitome of freedom or something. The funny thing is that I’ve noticed since I’ve been riding a bike regularly that I feel much more free to go where I want when I want - parking is easier, transit times are more consistent, and I don’t get stuck in traffic.

    Anyway, I hope the city residents and shop owners get their wishes and more and more bike parking areas like this go in around the city:

    http://flickr.com/photos/poetas/2958938468/

    Thanks for the view of Dutch bike parking - bikes in those numbers are completely unheard of in this part of the world still, and it’s just baffling to see bike parking like that. Maybe one day :)

  3. Adrienne added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    My family has a bike parking problem anywhere we go. We have 4 bikes and a Burley child trailer that all need to be parked. We have tried polls, meters, fences, racks….there is never enough space for us. So now, we have started to take up parking spaces on the street. We use my huge Batavus and my husband’s folder with trailer attached as the internal structure of a ‘bike teepee’ with my other kid’s bikes leaning on ours. We then lock the whole thing together with various u-locks into a giant bike sea monster that you couldn’t move without heavy equipment.I find the best spots are in slotted motorcycle parking. We get some looks, but it works, and there is no law that says we can’t, as long as we pay the fee.

  4. Adrienne added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Also, here is an interesting article on this subject fro NYC’s ‘No Impact Man’ blog.

    http://noimpactman.typepad.com/blog/2008/11/the-cultural-ba.html

  5. David Hembrow added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Marc, the third type of rack that you feature is known (appropriately enough) as a tulip rack. I think these are one of the more aesthetically pleasing and also one of the most effective types. They hold the bike upright for loading and they have a loop for securing the frame, and they allow bikes to be packed densely. They are made by this company: http://www.en.velopa.com/content.php?s=89&ws=0&ppid=132

    By comparison, sheffield racks (your example 1) or the circular prize winning design don’t keep your bike upright and stationary as you load it, and result in bikes falling over - as some have in your photo.

    I think I also sort of promised Andy that I’d cover cycle parking, so prompted by your post I’ve completed mine which shows cycle parking up here in the North:

    http://hembrow.blogspot.com/2008/11/another-view-of-cycle-parking.html

    People have a different way of parking their bikes here.

  6. Karl OnSea added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    In the UK in the ’80’s the transport policy for roads (and mainly grizzly, six-lane motorways and by-passes) was called Predict & Provide. The logic was that the best boffins in the country could analyse traffic patterns and growth, and from this, predict the future needs for roads. The government would then stump up the cash, and the roads would get built.

    Great idea. Except that road building creates positive feedback in demand. So you build a motorway around London - three lanes in each direction. Almost as soon as it’s finished, it’s FULL, even though the model said this wouldn’t happen for years and years. So you start adding more lanes, upgrading all the bridges, introducing variable speed limits to increase capacity, etc, etc. It’s an arms race that no-one can win. The faster you build it, the faster they come.

    Anyway.

    One of the things I’m puzzling over at the moment is how to make this kind of logic work . . . for bikes. For some reason, “…but there aren’t enough people cycling to justify the investment in infrastructure” logic seems to prevail. If we can over-turn this, the tide of driving rather than riding may begin to turn.

    Bicycle racks are an ideal first small step along this road. Easy and cheep for councils to put in place, they may just be the thin end of the wedge that we need.

  7. David Hembrow added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Karl, exactly that logic seems to work for cycling infrastructure over here. Just look at the cycle parking at Groningen railway station. It was renewed just two years ago, there are now around 6000 bike spaces overall, but you’ll still struggle to find an empty bike rack and there are still bikes parked everywhere but in the racks:

    http://hembrow.blogspot.com/2008/10/groningen-railway-station-cycle-parking.html

  8. Sindändùne added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Nice work Marc, thank you very much, it is very useful for reference purposes.

    Where I come from in Spain, Alcalá de Henares, the city council decided to use a type of rack that doesn’t allow you to lock the frame to anything: http://www.flickr.com/photos/sindandune/2347367487/in/set-72157594167363805/

    I contacted the city official in charge and he had the audacity to tell me they had chosen this type of rack for its lesser visual impact on the city landscape.

    Of course, I answered with a number of examples form Gent, Amsterdam, Edinburgh, etc.

    I might just email him and point him to your post.

    See you around.

  9. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    @Andy: you’re welcome, looking forward!

    @Dave: great pics, man, there’s progress and those shop owners will soon find out cycle parking is good for business, they can ask Dutch retailers from any bicycle-friendly city/town, who were reluctant at first, too…about 20 years ago :)

    @Adrienne: I truly love your solution, be bold! And thanks for that link, that neighbor certainly has things upside down.

    @Karl: interesting and true, but considering the use of space by bicycle parking, and the opportunities it provides (for the better), I say it’s no contest. So I concur with David :).

    @David: we both promise way too much to all these bicycle bloggers ;). Kidding of course, thanks for your post and linking back, it adds up nicely.

    @Sindändùne: the reasons the city council mentioned are of course ridiculous and they just won’t admit they went for the cheap option. Those racks are steadily taken off the streets here, but I do see them in people’s gardens. Feel free to refer them to me, bring it on ;).

  10. Dave added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Yeah, businesses are already realizing that bike parking on the streets brings in more business, creates a better street atmosphere, keeps people from locking their bikes to restaurants’ outdoor tables, creates a better pedestrian environment by keeping the parked bikes out of the sidewalk, and on and on. There certainly are people who are realizing all these things (and thankfully, some of them are in Portland city government), but there is still a large chunk of the population who thinks that doing anything to inconvenience automobiles is a cardinal sin, so it’s still politically tricky to do some of these things. But things are definitely moving in the right direction, however slowly :)

  11. Dave added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    A really positive article from the Portland Department of Transportation went out right after the installation of those bike parking areas downtown:

    http://bikeportland.org/2008/09/19/pdot-makes-the-case-for-new-on-street-bike-parking/

    Some of the main points in favor of them:

    * Providing adequate, effective, easily recognized bike parking.

    * Validating the message that cycling is a legitimate and valuable means of transportation in a manner that encourages bicycling as a convenient and popular mode, especially for short trips.

    * Improving the pedestrian environment by reducing sidewalk clutter.

    * Providing an economic stimulus for small retail shops that are partly dependent on a cycling customer base.

    * Improving visibility at intersections by eliminating the opportunity for larger vehicles to park at street corners.

    * Supporting increased commercial activity. Testimonials from local retail shops with existing on-street bike parking corrals affirm that they are appreciated by the business community. The higher ratio of bikes to vehicle capacity that corrals afford equates to a higher potential customer turnover. They also tell us that de-cluttering the sidewalk improves the aesthetics of their retail façades and allows for activities such as café seating.

    Good stuff to be coming from the city government.

  12. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 19, 2008 | Permalink

    Great, David, that’s comprehensive approach. It all starts with this, and then stepping up to the plate for more. Evolution contra revolution. Critical Mass should take notice.

  13. Wilma added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    I took a picture of a “cute” bike rack in Newport Oregon last summer:
    http://www.flickr.com/photos/dutchgirl73/3044408441/in/set-72157607228542478/

    I’ve started complimenting any business where they make it easy for me to park my bicycle; I figure I let them know I appreciate it, maybe the word will spread to other businesses. Downtown Spokane is starting to get racks on the sidewalk in a few places. There are some businesses where they refuse to put in a rack, but some of them have invited me to bring the bike inside, and secure it to some piece of furniture near the check stands. So far, I’ve never been told that I have to take the bike back outside and leave it loose! (I wouldn’t; I’d simply take my business elsewhere.)

  14. Chris Plasun added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Hi,

    Do you know what is the average commuting distance for cyclists in Amsterdam?

    Thanks,
    Chris, Vancouver

  15. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Chris, I searched quickly and I found a good sample from the Bicycle Advisory Board (Fietsberaad.nl) from 1999-2002:

    Average distances traveled per person per day, in km, per transport mode:
    - Public Transport: 30.8 km
    - Bicycle: 11.3 km
    - Automobile: 50 km
    - Walking: 2.5 km

    Looking at the stats from 1980 on, km traveled by bike has only gone up, so I wouldn’t be surprised if it’s a little higher now (as bikes sales have been really good the last 6 years).

  16. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    That IS a cute rack! I can imagine people fighting over it :)

    That’s nice, Wilma, good way to promote it!

  17. Pierre-Luc Auclair added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Here’s a glossary of bike parking system terms from the Fietsparkeur standard that is used in the Netherlands. The 3rd one, the Tulip from Velopa, is one of the many Fietsparkeur-approved systems.

    == Bicycle locker ==
    (Almost) completely separate, lockable bicycle shed meant exclusively for parking one or several bicycles.

    == Bicycle parking arrangement ==
    Bicycle shed, parking system (BPS) or combination thereof.

    == Bicycle parking system (BPS) ==
    Construction designed to provide sufficient stability to bicycles placed in or against the system.

    == Bicycle shed ==
    Building designated to park bicycles.

    == Bicycle stand/rack ==
    BPS meant for more than two bicycles (not to be confused with the stand affixed to a bicycle).

    == Clasp system ==
    BPS where (part of) a bicycle can be positioned in such a way that the bicycle is supported on both sides (to the left and to the right).

    == Guarded bicycle shed ==
    Building protected by staff.

    == Lockable bicycle shed ==
    Building whose entrance is protected by a (mechanic or electronic) lock.

    == Multi-story rack ==
    BPS where bicycles may be parked both at or near ground level and at a height of approx. 1.25 m.

    == Railing system ==
    BPS where a bicycle can be positioned in such a way that support is provided mainly on one side of the bicycle.

    == Suspension system ==
    BPS from which (part of) a bicycle is suspended.

    You can read more about Fietsparkeur here:
    http://www.velourbain.qc.ca/documents/Fietsparkeur_EN.pdf

  18. Chris added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Amsterdamize, thank you for the information!

    BTW Any idea what Amsterdam thinks about HOV lanes for cars?

  19. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    @Pierre-Luc: thanks! how could I forget about Fietsparkeur! Great resource, nice solutions, to say the least.

    @Chris: you’re very welcome…I can perhaps answer your next question, after telling me what ‘HOV’ stands for. I really don’t know.

  20. Pierre-Luc Auclair added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    And numbers from 2007 for commute distance by bicycle in the Netherlands (not Amsterdam precisely):
    Up to 7.5 km — 35%
    7.5–15 km — 15%
    15 km or more — 3%
    Modal share — 27

    Source:
    Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat. (2007). Cycling in the Netherlands.
    http://www.fietsberaad.nl/library/repository/bestanden/Cycling%20in%20the%20Netherlands%20VenW.pdf

  21. Pierre-Luc Auclair added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    My pleasure Marc, glad to help !

  22. Chris added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Right, I knew I should have defined the term HOV lane =)

    HOV lanes are “high-occupancy vehicle lanes”. They’re “popular” (or in use I should say) in Canada and the US and result in a stupid waste of space and infrastructure as seen below

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:U.S._Route_59_CIMG7753.JPG

    I’ve never seen this in north-western Europe but apparently they do exist and I understand Amsterdam was flirting with the idea…

    Basically, these are punitive measures aimed to get people out of their cars by making life hard. A very stupid approach.

  23. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Again, Pierre-Luc, you save me time looking that up, cheers! Yeah, Amsterdam stats are a bit higher than nationally, but then again, Groningen (up north) has even higher percentages than Amsterdam, so my town is not even the benchmark ;).

    @Chris: thanks for explaining, yeah, we have lots of those. It’s for car-poolers or cars with at least one (or 2, don’t know exactly) other person on board. It’s just one of many things that are applied as part of the ‘carrot-and-stick’ policies, such as ever higher taxation (on cars, gas, etc), fewer parking spaces, expensive (short term) parking and parking permits, etc etc.

  24. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    If I’m not mistaken, this post is about to get the most comments ever…a post about bicycle racks!!!

    lol

  25. Dave added these cyclelicious words on November 20, 2008 | Permalink

    Well, you know, everyone has to put their bike somewhere. Speaking of which, I just remembered some really wacky bike parking I saw the other day, I’ll have to go take a picture tomorrow and post it.

  26. Amsterdamize added these cyclelicious words on November 21, 2008 | Permalink

    You’re right, Dave, but still, you know what I mean. Btw, feel free to post it here on Amsterdamize, as well, you’re not a contributor for nothing now :-p

  27. Dave added these cyclelicious words on November 21, 2008 | Permalink

    Ok, will do :)

  28. Chris added these cyclelicious words on November 21, 2008 | Permalink

    >thanks for explaining, yeah, we have lots of
    >those. It’s for car-poolers or cars with at
    >least one (or 2, don’t know exactly) other
    >person on board. It’s just one of many things
    >that are applied as part of the ‘carrot-
    >and-stick’ policies, such as ever higher
    >taxation (on cars, gas, etc), fewer parking
    >spaces, expensive (short term) parking and
    >parking permits, etc etc.

    Here in Vancouver we just get the stick.

    How’s this HOV scheme working for Amsterdam?

    Is it more intelligently implemented than the idiocy in this picture?

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:U.S._Route_59_CIMG7753.JPG

  29. Travis A. Wittwer added these cyclelicious words on November 22, 2008 | Permalink

    Ahhhh, bike racks. Simple, utilitarian. The low-brow sidewalk sculpture of the city. I love them. Great vignette you have of the types. I am fond the the “staple” with the extra horizontal bar. In Portland, OR, USA, the staple reigns supreme. However, there are not any bike parks quite the size that I see in the photos of you blog.

    Any reader interested in seeing more bike rack photos, many of which are from Amsterdamize, here is the URL:
    http://www.flickr.com/groups/bikeracks/

    Cheers,
    Travis
    http://www.ecometro.com/portland/categories.aspx?tag=The+Wheel+American+Family

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